Chitosan

Chitosan is a fibrous substance derived from the shells of crustaceans such as shrimp, clams, and lobster, as well as from the cell walls of reishi mushrooms. It is used in many medical-grade products including hydrogels and bandages to improve wound healing, as well as in dental applications.

Chitosan supplements are used for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, wound healing, and more. Some supplement companies claim that chitosan can support weight loss and lower cholesterol levels. However, there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses. Studies show that chitosan may be somewhat effective at lowering cholesterol levels, although more research is needed. Chitosan supplementation may benefit weight loss efforts and cholesterol reduction, although many of the studies supporting those claims are considered low quality. Chitosan’s effects on weight loss in particular are minimal, if they occur at all.

Some clinical trials support the use of chitosan to lower cholesterol levels, but long-term effectiveness is unknown. Chitosan has also exhibited antimicrobial activity and may have anti-tumor effects. Chitosan supplements appear to be safe when taken for a short time. Side effects may include constipation, gas, nausea, and stomach upset. When taken by mouth, chitosan is possibly safe when used for up to 3 months. The recommended dose of chitosan has not been established. Most brands recommend taking the supplement with a meal.

One case study published in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that chitosan supplementation significantly reduced body weight and body mass index (BMI) in overweight and obese adults compared to a placebo group. The study also found that chitosan supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol levels in the treatment group compared to the placebo group. However, researchers indicate that overall, the trials in this review were of poor quality, and more evidence is needed to prove that chitosan helps weight loss.

Another study published in Marine Drugs suggests that chitosan has antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-tumor properties. The study also found that chitosan may decrease diastolic blood pressure at higher dosages and improve serum lipid profiles. However, more trials are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.

Sources:

1. https://www.medicinenet.com/chitosan/article.htm
2. https://www.drugs.com/npc/chitosan.html
3. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins-and-supplements/chitosan-uses-and-risks
4. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-625/chitosan
5. https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/chitosan
6. https://draxe.com/nutrition/chitosan/